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An introductory elective course involving individual work on a topic selected in consultation with the faculty of the Department.

An introduction to vertebrate development, including studies of germ cells, segmentation, and growth of the principal tissues and organs. Laboratory work is included. 

The lecture will present an introduction to the major organ systems and their evolutionary history within vertebrates. The course will include a brief review of the diversity of vertebrates and their phylogenetic relationships. Emphasis will be...

The principles and mechanisms of function in animals and their constituent parts from molecules to organs. The course will consist of three lecture hours and two laboratory hours each week. Offered occasionally.

The study of plants as living organisms through a survey of the diversity in the plant kingdom. Emphasis will be placed on plant morphology, anatomy, classification, and evolution of structure and function in response to the environment. Laboratory...

The study of physiological processes in plants. Laboratory work is included. 

An advanced study in the plant sciences focused on understanding the concept and theories that govern the distribution and abundance of plant populations and communities. 

A study of the structure and function of the human body; fundamental processes including nervous function, hormones, integument, respiration, circulation, blood, muscles, and skeleton. Laboratory work is included. 

The study of the principles of heredity, gene function and mutation, and growth and reproduction.

An introduction to field biology with an emphasis on hands-on field research techniques. Very minimal lecture, and substantial time in forests, lakes, streams, and other habitats of northern Michigan. Field experiences will focus on experimental...