Humanities

Dean: STEPHEN SMITH

Degrees

Courses of Instruction

ART 101: Drawing I

Credits 3
A course for beginners as well as students with prior art background. Black-and-white art media (charcoal, pencil, markers) are employed. Emphasis on traditional approaches to drawing from observation balanced with concerns for design and personal expression.

ART 104: Design I

Credits 3
A course in visual communication offering experience in using fundamental elements of design: line, space, texture, value, form, pattern and color. Students make projects solving design problems using visual elements with respect to design principles. Media used include ink, charcoal, collage, pencil and assorted black-and-white and color media.

ART 120: Sculpture I

Credits 3
An introduction to sculpting the figure in clay with an emphasis on the portrait bust. Techniques in plaster casting will be taught. Human anatomy for artists will be emphasized.

ART 203: History of Art: Prehistoric to Medieval

Credits 3
A survey of the visual arts of architecture, painting and sculpture in their developments from Paleolithic art through the ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean and the Christian Middle Ages.

ART 206: Oil Painting I

Credits 3

This course is designed to introduce students to the fundamentals of oil painting. Working from direct observation, students will learn to translate the three dimensional into two and acquire the tools necessary to decode the appearance of things. Emphasis will be placed on discovering how truly unexpected and different from preconceptions these appearances can be. Students will work on projects that will progressively develop their abilities to determine value and color relationships while at the same time improving their drawing and compositional skills. Prerequisite: ART 101 and 104 or permission of the instructor.

ART 207: Watercolor Painting I

Credits 3

Introduction to various techniques in watercolor painting. Prerequisite: ART 101 and 104 or permission of the instructor. Spring, odd-numbered years.

ART 302: Drawing II

Credits 3

Intermediate-level problems in objective drawing techniques with a focus on the human figure. Prerequisite: ART 101.

ART 308: History of Renaissance Art

Credits 3
A study of both sacred and secular art in Europe from about 1300 to 1550, the development of an individualistic spirit, the beginnings of scientific naturalism and classic revival during an age which laid the foundations of the modern world. Spring, even-numbered years.

ART 309: History of Baroque Art

Credits 3
An examination of the principal developments in Italian and northern European art of the 17th century. Spring, odd-numbered years.

ART 310: Survey of Non-Western Art

Credits 3
This course studies art created outside the Western tradition, including China, India, Japan, Africa, and native American cultures. Additionally, the course considers issues ranging from the influence of Christianity on the development of art to the anthropologic understanding of the importance of art-making Spring, even-numbered years.

ART 311: Oil Painting II

Credits 3

The course will focus on further developing the perceptual painting techniques explored in Oil Painting I. Students will experiment with subject matter, technique, and scale. Prerequisite: ART 206.

ART 312: Watercolor II

Credits 3

Intermediate-level approaches in watercolor painting. Studio problems will provide opportunities for more personal development. Prerequisite: ART 207. Spring, odd-numbered years.

ART 313: Oil Painting III

Credits 3

This course will focus on further developing the painting techniques explored in Oil Painting II. Students will work on developing a cohesive body of work that explores more self-directed goals and stylistic choices. Prerequisite: ART 311.

ART 321: Sculpture II

Credits 3

Further work in sculpting the complete figure in clay, along with experiencing other techniques and materials in sculpture. More human anatomy for artists will be emphasized beyond what is taught in ART 120. Prerequisite: ART 120.

ART 322: Sculpture III

Credits 3

Exploring the subtractive method using various media and encouraging the student's individual expression. Prerequisite: ART 321.

ART 323: Artistic Anatomy

Credits 3

Exploration of human anatomy for the emerging artist. Skeletal and muscular structure will be studied in the clay medium. Prerequisite: ART 120.

ART 333: Drawing III

Credits 3

Additional experience in figure drawing with an emphasis on anatomy and development of graphic proficiency. Prerequisite: ART 302.

ART 350: Art Internship

Credits 3
The student may arrange credit for art-intensive work experience in an organization such as an art museum, art gallery or publication office. The student applying for the internship must already have completed collegiate art coursework providing prerequisite skills appropriate to the work experience (e.g. having completed ART 361, Photography, if applying to work as a photojournalist for a newspaper). The student must see the Art Department chairman for details on the application process. At the end of the internship period, the student and the student's work supervisor should submit a report to the Art Department chairman, who will be responsible for determining the final grade.

ART 353: Graphic Design I

Credits 3

Introduction to visual design and conceptual thinking using Adobe Creative Suite and Apple hardware. Prerequisite: ART 104.

ART 354: Introduction to Typography

Credits 3

This course examines the fundamentals of typographic form and history. Students study the characteristics of letterforms and explore the relationship between illustration and typographic design. Projects integrate type and image utilizing hierarchal principles and spatial organization to produce effective typographic communication. Digital and hand lettering techniques will be explored. Spring semester.

ART 355: Color Theory and Design

Credits 3

Explores principles, terminology and theories of color perception from Chevreul through Albers. Taught with computer applications. Prerequisites: ART 101 or 104 or permission of the instructor. Fall semesters.

ART 361: Digital Photography

Credits 3

Introduction to the techniques and aesthetics of digital photography. Emphasis will be placed on understanding photographic principles and digital imagery workflow. Prerequisite: ART 101 or 104 or permission of the instructor. Also required: digital single lens reflex camera.

ART 362: Intermediate Digital Photography

Credits 3

Continued exploration of technical processes in shooting and printing digital photographs. Students are challenged to develop greater artistic expression and impact in creating original images. Prerequisite: ART 361.

ART 410: History of Graphic Design and Photography

Credits 3
A course exploring the roots and development of these two areas, from Gutenberg to webpages, and daguerreotype to digital, and the interrelationship between them and the world of fine arts. Spring, even-numbered years.

ART 411: History of Modern Art

Credits 3
An examination of both revolutionary and traditional styles of art and architecture during the 19th and 20th centuries. Fall, odd-numbered years.

ART 412: History of American Art

Credits 3
A study of art and architecture of the geographic region of the United States from older Indian cultures through European colonial to modern American art. Spring, odd-numbered years.

ART 413: Portraiture

Credits 3

Developing competent likenesses and personal style in both drawing and painting media. Concerns range from anatomical structure to characterization through lighting, pose and media handling. Prerequisites: ART 101 and 206. Spring, even-numbered years.

ART 421: Plaster Casting

Credits 1
This course introduces the student to the ancient art of casting. Students will cast in plaster their clay portraits created in Sculpture I. They will develop an understanding of basic mold making techniques, the preparation of the sculpture for casting, mixing and applying plaster, de-molding and pouring the cast, patination and mounting. At the courses conclusion the student will have a solid understanding of the process and methods required to create a finished plaster cast using the waste mold technique.

ART 453: Graphic Design II

Credits 3

This course addresses the designer's role in the strategic development of brand identity and visualization of complex graphic systems utilizing the Adobe Creative Suite software and other visual media. Spring semesters

ART 500: Senior Exhibit and Portfolio

Credits 3
Preparation and installation of an exhibit featuring one's best studio artwork from the undergraduate period. Preparation of a photographic portfolio featuring such artwork. Fall semester.

ART 597: Special Problems

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
An independent work course with individual instruction for the advanced art major in selected problems. Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor. Offered on demand.

CLS 102: Beginning Latin II

Credits 4
The continuation of CLS 101. Students will complete their study of basic grammar in the first half of the term and spend the balance of the semester reading selections from Latin authors.

CLS 104: Beginning Greek II

Credits 4
The continuation of CLS 103. The study of basic grammar will be complete by the middle of the semester, after which the class will turn to the reading of Plato.

CLS 302: Roman Civilization

Credits 3
An in-depth study of Roman culture from the founding of Rome through the Empire and its legacy in the West.

CLS 310: Greek Mythology

Credits 3
A study of the myths and legends concerning the gods and heroes of Greek and Roman antiquity as they appear in literature and art.

CLS 313: The Ancient Epic

Credits 3
An intensive study of ancient epic from Gilgamesh through the Roman poet Lucan, with the goal of understanding the nature of the genre.

CLS 314: Readings in Patristic Greek

Credits 1 Max Credits 2

A study of the syntax, style, and content of Christian texts of the second through the sixth centuries (e.g., works by Athanasius, Basil of Caesarea, John Chrysostom). This course may be repeated for credit if the reading is different. Prerequisite: CLS 214 or CLS 220.

CLS 403: Topics in Advanced Latin Reading I

Credits 3
A study of the epic and lyric genres of Latin poetry. Epic authors include Ennius and Vergil; lyric authors include Propertius, Tibullus, Catullus, Horace and Ovid.

CLS 407: Medieval Latin

Credits 1 Max Credits 2
Intensive reading of medieval Latin, with particular attention to medieval innovation in morphology and syntax. This course may be repeated if the reading list is different. Permission of instructor is required for enrollment.

CLS 411: Latin Prose Composition I

Credits 1 Max Credits 2
Intensive work in composing Latin prose. The course devotes special attention to Latin syntax and prose style and may also include treatment of Latin pragmatics and comparative grammar. Permission of instructor is required for enrollment.

CLS 412: Latin Prose Composition II

Credits 1 Max Credits 2
The continuation of CLS 411. Like CLS 411, the course devotes special attention to Latin syntax and prose style, and may also include treatment of Latin pragmatics and comparative grammar. Permission of the instructor is required for enrollment.

CLS 450: Latin Teacher Program

Credits 1 Max Credits 2

This course is meant to provide hands on experience in the classroom for students interested in improving their pedagogical skills in general and their Latin teaching in particular. Students are assigned a 1st-8th Latin classroom at Hillsdale Preparatory Academy. They commit to that classroom for one semester, during which time they provide Latin instruction on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 11:10-11:45. Outside of the classroom, students are expected to grade assignments, create and submit lesson plans, coordinate with their teaching partner (if applicable), conduct teacher observations, communicate with their classroom lead teacher, and attend teacher development seminars. This course is for 1-2 credits. All students, with the exception of the student administrator, must commit to the Latin instruction portion of the course. Enrollment is by instructor permission only; interested students must complete the application and interview process. Students repeat CLS 450 for up to 6 credit hours; such hours count towards the overall maximum allowable internship and practicum credit (6).

CLS 493: Seminar in Latin Literature

Credits 3
A seminar dealing in depth with one or more Latin authors or a particular genre or period. Latin prose composition will occasionally be offered as the seminar topic. This course may be repeated for credit if the topic is different.

CLS 494: Seminar in Greek Literature

Credits 3
A seminar dealing in depth with one or more Greek authors or a particular genre or period. Greek prose composition will occasionally be offered as the seminar topic. This course may be repeated for credit if the topic is different.

DNC 150: Social Dance

Credits 1
Students will learn social dances of the 19th-20th centuries. Included forms are the waltz, foxtrot, ballroom, two-step and other partner dances. Special emphasis will be placed on basic social elements of dance, patterns, music, rhythmic awareness and foot positions, as well as leading and following. Students will have the opportunity to learn basic dance and social etiquette skills.

DNC 160: Ballet I

Credits 1
Students will receive an introduction to the basic techniques and vocabulary of ballet. Students will develop strength, flexibility, core-strength and control while analyzing the principles of body alignment. Rhythm and dynamics will be emphasized.

DNC 170: Pilates I

Credits 1
Pilates exercises help to strengthen core muscles and increase flexibility, endurance, posture and body awareness. This class is designed for the beginning Pilates student. Students will begin by learning Pilates fundamentals and essential matwork exercises, then work toward mastery of these basic skills.

DNC 180: Folk Dance

Credits 1
Varying types and styles of folk dance may be the topic of any given semester of study: Scottish Highland Dance, African Dance, Contra and Square Dance are just a few examples of what the class might cover. When the course is offered, the class bulletin will indicate which type of dance will be taught.

DNC 190: Modern Dance I

Credits 1
Students will learn principles of contemporary dance such as fall and recovery, contract and release, and improvisation, as well as a basic movement vocabulary. The development of technical skill in modern dance will include rhythmic perception, kinesthetic awareness and proper alignment. The traditional modern dance techniques of Limon, Cunningham, Horton, Graham and/or Nikolais will be covered.

DNC 210: Dance Repertoire

Credits 1
This course is designed for those students who are part of the dance company for any given year. Class time will be given to choreographing and rehearsing pieces for the annual Dance Concert. Students will learn and rehearse choreographic works of both Hillsdale faculty members and guest artists, culminating in a fully produced performance. Students will also learn basic principles of dance theatrical staging and production values as related to the production of this concert. Admission to the course is by audition and permission of the instructor only.

DNC 215: History of Dance

Credits 3
Dance is a reflection of humanity: a viable and powerful form of expression and communication. Dance is used to support and/or challenge social/political views, ideas and values of individuals and of whole societies. It has even been an instrument of diplomacy: Romans found that a very detailed, exaggerated form of pantomime/dance was an excellent tool for spreading influence throughout the empire, while the court of France's Louis XIV used dance to emphasize the Sun King's power, and the New York City Ballet visited Russia during the Cold War in hopes of finding common ground through culture. Students will be given an overview of dance forms from around the world and throughout history. The interrelatedness and impact of dance on other art forms, as well as its role in society, will be particularly emphasized. Students will gain this knowledge through lectures, readings and viewing live dance performance and films.

DNC 220: Choreography and Improvisation I

Credits 2
This course is an introduction to improvisation and its use as a basis for dance choreography. Students will be taught the fundamentals of spontaneous movement and learn how to craft this material into set choreography. Students will explore improvisations based on the principles of Laban Movement Analysis and the effects of shape, space, rhythms, props and other stimuli upon movement. Admission to the course requires the completion of DNC 190 or permission of the instructor.

DNC 250: Intermediate Social Dance

Credits 1
Building on the basics learned in Social Dance, the student will learn new dances and combinations, building confidence, rhythm and musicality. Admission to this class requires the successful completion of DNC 150 or permission of the instructor.

DNC 260: Ballet II

Credits 1
Intermediate ballet sections will be for students who have had previous ballet training and who demonstrate a mastery of the basic alignment principles and vocabulary of ballet. Students will be expected to combine rhythm, dynamics, alignment, strength and flexibility while developing artistry and working with more speed and with a more advanced movement vocabulary. Placement at level two requires the permission of the instructor.

DNC 270: Pilates II

Credits 1
A continuation of Pilates I, this class will focus on mastery of the essential matwork exercises learned in Pilates I, and then add new skills and intermediate matwork exercises. Admission to this class requires the completion of DNC 170 and the permission of the instructor

DNC 290: Modern Dance II

Credits 1
Students will build on basic modern dance principles to execute more advanced movement phrases and musical rhythms. Students will also increase their movement vocabulary while exploring the potential of modern dance as an expressive idiom. The traditional modern dance techniques of Limon, Cunningham, Horton, Graham, and/or Nikolais will continue to be explored. Admission to this class requires the permission of the instructor.

DNC 320: Choreography and Improvisation II

Credits 2
Building on the skills learned in DNC 220, students will be challenged with more complex improvisations and will use improvisational material to create solo and group choreography. Students will continue to explore a variety of internal and external stimuli as the basis for their artistic expression. Admission to the course requires the completion of DNC 220 or permission of the instructor.

DNC 360: Ballet III

Credits 1
Continued development of ballet vocabulary. Further turning and jumping skills will be explored in depth. Musicality, artistry and expression will be emphasized. Placement at level three requires the permission of the instructor.

DNC 370: Pilates III

Credits 1
A continuation of Pilates II, this class will focus on mastery of the intermediate matwork exercises learned in Pilates II, and then add new skills and advanced matwork exercises. Admission to this class requires the completion of DNC 270 and the permission of the instructor.

DNC 390: Modern Dance III

Credits 1
This course is an advanced level modern dance technique class, designed to build upon the skills learned in DNC 290. Movement dynamics and qualities, rhythmic and spatial patterns, and personal expression will be explored in depth. Traditional modern dance techniques as well as contemporary and cutting-edge dance techniques will be utilized. Admission to this class requires the completion of DNC 290 and the permission of the instructor.

DNC 492: Methods of Teaching Dance

Credits 3
This course explores methods for dance pedagogy in various settings, to develop necessary skills for teaching dance. Students will foster an understanding of creating effective learning environments, approaches to dance education, styles of student learning, and curriculum development. Dance pedagogy for creative movement, modern, ballet, and jazz will be investigated. Through observing, practical teaching sessions, and responding, each student will develop a philosophy of dance education.

ENG 104: Great Books in the Western Tradition

Credits 3

This course will introduce the student to representative Great Books of the Western World from Antiquity to the Middle Ages and will teach the principles of close reading and literary analysis. Selections may include the Bible and works by authors such as Homer, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Plato, Aristotle, Vergil, Ovid, Augustine, and Dante. The writing content includes a variety of writing exercises that incorporate traditional rhetorical and research skills.

ENG 105: Great Books in the British and American Traditions

Credits 3

A continuation of English 104 but with a focus on Great Books in the British and American traditions.  English authors may include Chaucer, Shakespeare, Milton, Swift, Wordsworth, Dickens, and Yeats; American authors may include Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, Whitman, Dickinson, Twain, Frost, Hemingway, Faulkner, and O’Connor.  The writing emphasis continues with a variety of writing exercises that incorporate traditional rhetorical and research skills.

ENG 201: Great Books in Continental Literature

Credits 3

This course will introduce the student to Great Books of European literature from the Renaissance to modern times. Some emphasis will be placed on this literature in the context of general historical and artistic periods and movements: Renaissance Humanism, Enlightenment, Romanticism, Realism, Naturalism, and Modernism. When appropriate, the function and form of literary works (for instance, the lyric, the novel, the short story) will be discussed. Authors studied may include Petrarch, Erasmus, Montaigne, Cervantes, Voltaire, Racine, Goethe, Schiller, Rousseau, Flaubert, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Aleichem, Kafka, Camus, Bernanos, Sartre, Undset, and Solzhenitsyn. The writing requirement for the class will be at least one 5-page paper.

ENG 310: Old and Middle English Literature: 600-1500

Credits 3

A literary survey of Old and Middle English literature in the context of its age. Readings may include authors such as Augustine, Boethius, Caedmon, Bede, Alfred the Great, the anonymous poets of Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Marie de France, the medieval dramatists and mystics, Chaucer, Langland, Malory, and selections from the 15th century.

ENG 320: Renaissance British Literature: 1500 to 1660

Credits 3

A literary survey of English Renaissance literature in the context of its age. Readings may include authors such as More, Wyatt, Sidney, Spenser, Marlowe, Shakespeare, Donne, Herbert, Marvell, and Milton.

ENG 401: Special Studies in British Literature

Credits 3

ENG 401 provides an upper-division study of the particular authors, themes and periods initiated in the 300-level courses. Regular offerings include courses on major authors such as Chaucer, Spenser, Milton and Shakespeare, or special studies on subjects such as Old English language and literature, Elizabethan and Jacobean drama, 18th-century literature, Romantic poetry, Victorian literature, 19th-century novel or 20th-century literature. Please consult the Departmental Bulletin for details.

ENG 402: Special Studies in American Literature

Credits 3
ENG 402 provides an upper-division study of the particular authors, themes and periods initiated in the 300-level courses. It includes the traditional array of American literature courses from Colonial and Early National American literature, to 20th-century American literature and the American novel. ENG 402 also offers the opportunity to relate American literature to British and Continental literatures for parallels and contrasts. Please consult the Departmental Bulletin for details.

ENG 403: Special Studies in Literature

Credits 3

ENG 403 provides an upper-division study of one of the following areas: the Western literary tradition (including courses on major authors from Italian, French, Spanish, German, Scandinavian, Yiddish, and Russian traditions); one or more of the traditional genres (epic, romance, lyric, tragedy, comedy, essay, novel, short story); literary criticism and theory; history of the English language; or advanced writing (creative, research, expository). Please consult the Departmental Bulletin for details.

ENG 453: Teaching of English

Credits 3
Topics in language, literature and composition designed to assist the prospective elementary and/or secondary school teacher to understand new approaches and to meet curricular problems in the teaching of English at the elementary and secondary levels. It does not count toward an English field of concentration.

ENG 575: Senior Thesis

Credits 3
Students wishing to graduate with honors in English must write a substantial thesis under the direction of a Department member. The thesis must address some narrowly defined topic proposed by the student in the spring semester of the junior year and be approved by the Department.

ENG 597: Special Problems

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
An independent study course designed for work on a topic not covered in other courses in the Department.

FRN 101: Beginning French I

Credits 4
First of two four-hour elementary courses stressing conversation as well as pronunciation, reading and grammar.

FRN 102: Beginning French II

Credits 4
Second of two four-hour elementary courses stressing conversation as well as pronunciation, reading and grammar.

FRN 201: Intermediate French

Credits 4
A review of grammar, idioms and vocabulary; practice in speaking and writing French; reading of modern French prose.

FRN 300: Introduction to Literary Texts

Credits 3
Reading and discussion of representative works of French literature, with special attention to compositional skills. Prerequisite: A minimum grade of "B-" in 201 or permission of the instructor.

FRN 301: French Civilization and Culture I

Credits 3

A study of French life and culture from the Middle Ages to the Revolution of 1789. Conducted in French. Prerequisite: A minimum grade of "B-" in FRN 201 or permission of the instructor.

FRN 302: French Civilization and Culture II

Credits 3
A study of French life and culture from the Revolution of 1789 to the 20th century. Conducted in French. Prerequisite: A minimum grade of "B-" in FRN 201 or permission of the instructor.

FRN 350: French Travel Study

Credits 1 Max Credits 3

Faculty-led travel during summer, spring break, or January interterm in a French-speaking country. Organized, supervised, and evaluated by a member of the Hillsdale College French faculty.

FRN 410: Speaking and Writing French

Credits 3

A course designed to increase the student's range of self-expression in the speaking and writing of French. Grammar study is included. Prerequisite: FRN 301 or 302 or permission of the instructor. Offered every third semester.

FRN 411: Conversation and Composition

Credits 3

Practice in oral and written expression, with study of grammar to develop an acceptable prose style. Prerequisite: FRN 301 or 302 or permission of the instructor. Offered every third semester.

FRN 412: French for International Business

Credits 3

French using international business usage and terminology as points of departure. Prerequisite: FRN 301 or 302 or permission of the instructor. Conducted in French. Offered every third semester.

FRN 414: French Discussion I

Credits 1
A weekly discussion class in French with topics drawn from current events in France, relationships between the French and American cultures, the French film and television media, l'informatique, etc. Offered on demand.

FRN 415: French Discussion II

Credits 1
A weekly discussion class in French with topics drawn from current events in France, relationships between the French and American cultures, the French film and television media, l'informatique, etc. Offered on demand.

FRN 416: French Discussion III

Credits 1
A weekly discussion class in French with topics drawn from current events in France, relationships between the French and American cultures, the French film and television media, l'informatique, etc. Offered on demand.

FRN 417: French Discussion IV

Credits 1
A weekly discussion class in French with topics drawn from current events in France, relationships between the French and American cultures, the French film and television media, l'informatique, etc. Offered on demand.

FRN 418: Phonetics I

Credits 1
A study of the phonetic alphabet along with practice of individual sounds and prosody in order to improve students' pronunciation and listening skills in French.

FRN 419: Phonetics II

Credits 1
A study of the phonetic alphabet along with practice of individual sounds and prosody in order to improve students' pronunciation and listening skills in French.

FRN 422: The Modern Novel

Credits 3
A study of novels representing the literary currents of Realism, Naturalism and Existentialism in the 19th and 20th centuries.

FRN 423: Classical French Literature

Credits 3
A close reading of major works of the 17th-century Golden Age. Special attention is given to the plays of Corneille, Racine and Moliere.

FRN 424: The Age of Enlightenment

Credits 3
Major concerns and themes of 18th-century literature will be studied through representative works. Special attention will be paid to the theatre, the philosophies and the beginnings of Romanticism.

FRN 425: 19th Century French Literature

Credits 3
A survey of the principal writers and literary movements of the 19th century from Romanticism to Symbolism, focusing primarily on the novel, short story and poetry.

FRN 465: Teaching of Modern Languages

Credits 1
A methods and materials course for the teaching of French, German and Spanish at the elementary and secondary levels. Taught in English. Offered spring semester of even-numbered years.

FRN 493: Seminar in French Literature

Credits 3

A seminar dealing with a major theme, literary movement, genre, author or comparison of two or more authors. This course may be repeated for credit if the topic is different. Offered every spring.

FRN 597: Special Problems

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
Supervised independent study of a limited field, with a summarization in French of the results of the study. Prerequisite: a field of concentration in French, with three years of college French or permission of the instructor. Offered on demand.

GRM 201: Intermediate German

Credits 4
A review of grammar, expansion of vocabulary, practice of spoken and written German, and the study of a novel or other prose texts.

GRM 202: Intensive Intermediate German

Credits 3
An intensive language course whose reading segments place emphasis on themes in German culture and civilization. Prerequisite: "B-" in 201 or permission of the instructor.

GRM 350: Study in a German Speaking Country

Credits 2 Max Credits 6
Supervised and/or evaluated by a faculty member. This course may be repeated for credit if topic or study location is different. (Study location and topic noted on transcript, i.e. GRM 350 Advanced Grammar in W¸rzburg, Germany.)

GRM 401: Business German

Credits 2
An applied study of communication skills, terminology, rhetorical devices and the culture of German business. Offered on demand.

GRM 493: Seminar in German

Credits 3
A seminar dealing with a specific aspect of German language, literature or culture, such as a literary period, genre, an author, history or linguistics. This course may be repeated for credit if the topic is different.

GRM 597: Special Problems

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
Supervised independent study of a limited field. Prerequisite: a field of concentration in German, with three years of college German or permission of the instructor.

MUS 030: Composition

Credits 1
The student pursues individual projects through weekly private instruction focused on the development of compositional imagination and technique. With the supervision of the instructor, students will reinforce and extend their technical and expressive facility with all aspects of composition, as well as engaging practical and aesthetical issues of musical performance and reception Prerequisite: 320 or instructor permission.

MUS 033: Private Conducting

Credits 1

Students who have completed MUS 324, Beginning Conducting, and MUS 424, Advanced Conducting, and who wish to continue the study of conducting may sign up for private conducting lessons. Permission of instructor required.

MUS 040: Composition

Credits 1
The student pursues individual projects through weekly private instruction focused on the development of compositional imagination and technique. With the supervision of the instructor, students will reinforce and extend their technical and expressive facility with all aspects of composition, as well as engaging practical and aesthetical issues of musical performance and reception Prerequisite: 320 or instructor permission.

MUS 043: Private Conducting

Credits 1

Students who have completed MUS 324, Beginning Conducting, and MUS 424, Advanced Conducting, and who wish to continue the study of conducting may sign up for private conducting lessons. Permission of instructor required.

MUS 120: Guitar Class

Credits 1
Emphasis on posture and procedures in holding the instrument and fundamentals of reading various forms of tablature and notation. Students are grouped into sections of: A - Beginning, B - Intermediate and C - Advanced.

MUS 130: Beginning Voice Class

Credits 1
Emphasis on finding the student's true voice, establishing proper resonance and singing effectively with an evenly placed melodic line, with stress on the projection and delivery of the text and foreign language reading. Posture, breathing, diction, stage poise and physical makeup of the vocal apparatus are some of the principles covered. Open to all students.

MUS 135: Class Instrument Instruction

Credits 1
Students wishing to learn an instrument at the beginning level will either sign up for private instruction or class instruction. The number of beginners registered on a single instrument per semester will determine whether the student will receive private or small group lessons. Permission of instructor required.

MUS 170P: Percussion Ensemble

Credits 1
An opportunity for students to study chamber music for string, brass, woodwind or percussion ensembles. Two hours of rehearsal weekly.

MUS 170Q: Woodwind Ensemble

Credits 1
An opportunity for students to study chamber music for string, brass, woodwind or percussion ensembles. Two hours of rehearsal weekly.

MUS 170S: Strings Ensemble

Credits 1
An opportunity for students to study chamber music for string, brass, woodwind or percussion ensembles. Two hours of rehearsal weekly.

MUS 170Z: Opera Workshop

Credits 1
Opera Workshop focuses on either a full production or individual scenes. Offered once a year, either in the fall or spring semester.

MUS 180: Orchestra

Credits 1
A full instrumentation college symphony orchestra performing advanced standard repertoire. Any student with sufficient performing skill may become a member by audition or recommendation of the studio teachers. Public performances.

MUS 190: Choir

Credits 1
Open to all students desiring a choral ensemble experience. Music of various historical periods is performed both on and off campus and is sung in the original languages. Promoting musical excellence is the choir's chief purpose.

MUS 199: Chamber Choir

Credits 1
An auditioned group of 28 voices that focuses on challenging a cappella repertoire. Multiple performances in various venues are presented on and off campus each year.

MUS 201: Music Theory I

Credits 3
Introduces students to principles of diatonic function through studies of melody, harmony, voice-leading, and basic components of form. Through exercises in analysis and composition, students will gain a greater understanding of the expressive and structural significances of diatonic material as well as a greater facility with musical notation. Students will also develop their abilities in critical listening and reasoning through discussion and writing activities, leading to well-supported interpretations of musical works and excerpts. Prerequisite: MUS 206 or permission of instructor. Simultaneous enrollment in MUS 201L. Spring, every year.

MUS 201L: Musicianship Lab I

Credits 1
Gives students constant practice in hearing, internalizing, and performing aspects of musical material, function, and structure presented in Music Theory I. Through exercises in singing, rhythmic drills, contextual listening, dictation, and basic keyboard skills, students will gain a greater familiarity with the expressive and structural qualities of diatonic harmony, as well as greater fluency with musical notation. Prerequisite: MUS 206 or permission of instructor. Simultaneous enrollment in MUS 201 required. Spring, every year.

MUS 204: The Understanding of Music

Credits 3
For students with limited experience with notated music, provides guidance in basic listening skills, an introduction to the repertoire of Western music, and practice in writing about music. Fulfills the Fine Arts Core requirement. Not intended for music majors, music minors, or those with skill in reading music. Prerequisite: none.

MUS 206: Advanced Understanding Music

Credits 3
206 Advanced Understanding Music 3 hours Provides students with prior experience in music, including the ability to read notation, with the foundational skills in aural and written music theory, an introduction to the repertoire of Western music, and practice in writing about music. Fulfills the Fine Arts Core requirement. Prerequisite: music reading skills.

MUS 221: Music Theory II

Credits 3
Extends the subjects and practices of Music Theory I to include chromatic function. Through exercises in analysis and composition, students will gain a greater understanding of the expressive and structural significances of chromatic harmony, including altered chords, tonal modulations, and larger components of form. Students will also continue to develop their abilities in critical listening and reasoning through discussion and writing activities, leading to well-supported interpretations of musical works culminating in a major analysis project. Prerequisite: MUS 201 or permission of instructor. Simultaneous enrollment in MUS 221L required. Fall, every year.

MUS 221L: Musicianship Lab II

Credits 1
Gives students constant practice in hearing, internalizing, and performing aspects of musical material, function, and structure presented in Music Theory II. Through exercises in singing, rhythmic drills, contextual listening, dictation, and basic keyboard skills, students will gain a greater familiarity with the expressive and structural qualities of chromatic harmony, as well as greater fluency with musical notation. Prerequisite: MUS 201 L or permission of instructor. Simultaneous enrollment in MUS 221 required. Fall, every year.

MUS 270: Advanced Chamber Music

Credits 2
An analysis and performance of the standard chamber music repertoire selected from string quartets and piano quintets of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Dvorak, Faure, Grieg and other romantic and twentieth century repertoire at the discretion of the instructor. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.

MUS 310: Music Pedagogy

Credits 1 Max Credits 2
Students wishing to teach private studio instruction on their primary instrument or voice will study the methods, materials and techniques of private instrument instruction. Students may be supervised in the teaching of local community students.

MUS 320: The Craft of Musical Composition

Credits 2
An elective course dedicated to studies in the art and technique of musical composition, with a particular focus on melodic writing, texture, and development. Students will also learn how to write idiomatically for instruments, develop good notational practices, and prepare readings and performances of their compositions. Prerequisite: MUS 221 or instructor permission.

MUS 321: Music Theory III

Credits 3
A study of large-scale musical form, including elemental building blocks of material, long-term structural relationships, and a survey of formal paradigms. This is the final course in the basic music theory sequence, with a focus on independent research, writing, presentation, and the cultivation of critical reasoning, listening, and discussion skills in forming creative, rigorous, and well-designed interpretations of complete works. Prerequisite: MUS 221 or permission of instructor. Simultaneous enrollment in MUS 321 L required. Spring, every year.

MUS 321L: Musicianship Lab III

Credits 1
Gives students constant practice in hearing, internalizing, and performing aspects of musical material, function, and structure. Through exercises in singing, rhythmic drills, contextual listening, dictation, and basic keyboard skills, students will continue to practice and refine skills developed in Labs I & II while extended their abilities to include large-scale trajectories, greater nuance and detail, and atypical methods of pitch and rhythmic organization. Prerequisite: MUS 221 L or permission of instructor. Simultaneous enrollment in MUS 321 required. Spring, every year.

MUS 322: History and Literature of Music I

Credits 3

The history of Western music from its beginnings in ancient Greece to about 1600. An introduction to the main styles, genres, composers, and musical concepts situated in historical context. Prerequisite: MUS 206, 201.

MUS 323: History and Literature of Music II

Credits 3

The history of Western music from about 1600 to 1800. An introduction to the main styles, genres, composers, and musical concepts situated in historical context. Prerequisite: MUS 206, 201.

MUS 324: Beginning Conducting

Credits 2
The history of conducting, and the basics of baton and rehearsal technique. A workshop course in the fundamental theory and practice of conducting for students with little or no experience. Prerequisite: MUS 221 or permission of instructor. Fall, every year.

MUS 325: History and Literature of Music III

Credits 3

The history of Western music from about 1800 to the present. An introduction to the main styles, genres, composers, and musical concepts situated in historical context. Prerequisite: MUS 206, 201.

MUS 326: The History of Jazz

Credits 2
Overview of the emergence, development, and relevance of one of Americaís most genuine musical art forms. Students will study the basic elements of jazz; develop an ability to listen to jazz analytically as well as critically; discover how the historical development of jazz relates to cultural development; and form a basic knowledge of the relationship between composer, artist, and audience in a jazz-oriented setting.

MUS 408: Advanced Topics in Music History

Credits 3

A capstone music course focusing on a specialized topic within musicology. Students will develop several key skills: working with primary sources, music analysis, and engaging with notable scholarship and issues in musicology. Prerequisite: at least one 300-level music history course or current enrollment with permission of the instructor.

MUS 409: Advanced Topics in Music Theory

Credits 3

Extends the essential foundation of the music theory sequence by pursuing detailed studies in a designated topic. The purpose of the course is to acquire theoretical experience with a specific selection of musical repertoire, a particular aspect of musical material and form, and/or methodologies of musical analysis, but also to develop students' technical and expressive vocabularies in ways that reinforce and enrich their music-making more broadly. The course may draw from a fixed collection of topics, including counterpoint, orchestration, and post-tonal theory, but additional topics may be introduced on an individual or recurring basis. Prerequisites: MUS 321 and MUS 321L or permission of instructor

MUS 424: Advanced Conducting

Credits 1
A detailed course in baton technique, score reading, rehearsal technique, and conducting larger ensembles. Prerequisite: MUS 324. Spring, every year.

PHL 105: The Western Philosophical Tradition

Credits 3
A general overview of the history of philosophical development in the West from its inception with the Pre-Socratic philosophers of ancient Greece to the 20th century Anglo-American and Continental traditions. The contributions of seminal thinkers and innovators such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Aquinas, Descartes, Locke, Hume, Kant, Mill, and Nietzsche are studied. Major works by these and other important philosophers are read, analyzed, and discussed with the aim of understanding what they argued for and against in regard to metaphysical, epistemological, and ethical issues. The course investigates to what extent they influenced their own and subsequent societies, how these philosophical systems create varying views of the world and human life, and how they address the perennial questions humans universally ask, existential questions such as, "Is there purpose and meaning in life?"; epistemological questions such as, "What are the limits of human knowledge?"; metaphysical questions such as, "What is the ultimate nature of the reality in which we live?", "Is there life after death?", "Are humans identical to their brains?"; and ethical questions such as, "What is the fundamental criterion of right and wrong human action?" In short, the course examines the main Western philosophical thinkers and traditions in an effort to understand what they have taught, why they have so taught, and how they have helped form and shape Western civilization.

PHL 207: Introduction to Logic

Credits 3
This course introduces students to a formal system of deductive logic with the aim of (1) developing better analytical skills and abilities and (2) helping students to see the logical structure of arguments and language. Additional topics include informal fallacies, inductive logic, probability, and more. Special attention will be given to propositional and predicate logic. Philosophy majors are strongly encouraged to take this course early on in their coursework. No prerequisites.

PHL 211: Ancient Philosophy

Credits 3
A historical survey of ancient philosophy from Thales to St. Augustine. Attention will be given to the pre-Socratics, the Sophists, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, the Stoics and Epicureans, Plotinus, the early Church Fathers and St. Augustine.

PHL 212: Medieval Philosophy

Credits 3
A historical survey of medieval philosophy from St. Augustine to the late Scholastics. St. Augustine, the later Church Fathers, Boethius, John Scotus Erigena, Anselm, Abelard, Bonaventura, Aquinas, Ockham, Scotus and other medieval thinkers are studied.

PHL 213: Early Modern Philosophy

Credits 3
A historical survey of modern philosophy from Bacon to Kant. Major emphasis is placed upon the Rationalists (Descartes, Leibniz and Spinoza), Empiricists (Locke, Berkeley and Hume) and Kant's synthesis of those two traditions.

PHL 214: Late Modern Philosophy

Credits 3
A survey of major developments in philosophy between Kant and World War II. Emphasis will be on developments in Germany and France that also inspired both enthusiastic devotees and aggressive critics elsewhere. German Idealism (especially Hegel) will set the stage for later 19th-century reactions by such thinkers as Marx, Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche. In the early 20th century, we will look at early analytic philosophy as a clear reaction against 19th-century thought, and phenomenology (especially Heidegger) as an ambivalent continuation. Attention may also be given to other movements, such as pragmatism and existentialism.

PHL 310: Classical Metaphysics

Credits 3
A study of "first philosophy," this course inquires into the nature of being, considered as such. It addresses such concerns as the legitimacy of metaphysics and its distinction from natural philosophy, the nature of substance and of causality, and the possibility of knowing the first cause of all things. A careful examination of Aristotle's Metaphysics will be central to this endeavor, and after such examination Aristotle will be brought into dialogue with his medieval interpreters (e.g., Aquinas) and his more contemporary readers (e.g., Heidegger).

PHL 312: Ethical Theory

Credits 3
A critical review of recent developments in ethical and value theory. Topics covered may include the dispute between utilitarianism and deontological theories, the nature of justification in ethics, the distinction between facts and values, and meta-ethical theories.

PHL 313: Social and Political Philosophy

Credits 3
A philosophical examination of major social and political concepts such as authority, justice, law, obligation and rights. Special attention will be given to the use of these concepts in such ideologies as communism, fascism and democracy.

PHL 314: Aesthetic Theory

Credits 3
An introduction to the most influential philosophical positions on the nature of the beautiful, both in art and in the natural world. The figures covered will include such philosophers as Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Schiller, Tolstoy, and Heidegger; the theories examined will include art as representation, as expression, as form, and as aesthetic experience.

PHL 320: American Pragmatism

Credits 3
An examination of the major early 20th-century figures associated with American pragmatist thought, with attention to their influences, their intellectual context, and their relationships to 19th and 20th-century philosophical developments. Central figures include C. S. Peirce, William James, John Dewey, and George Herbert Mead. Other possible figures for consideration might include Josiah Royce, George Santayana, Jane Addams, or W. E. B. DuBois, among others. Some attention may also be given to later figures associated with pragmatist thought, such as Sellars, Putnam, Rorty, or Brandom.

PHL 341: Twentieth-Century Analytic Philosophy

Credits 3
A survey of the development of analytic philosophy from Frege and Russell to Quine and other contemporary analytic philosophers. Emphasis is placed upon Russell, the Positivists, the early and later Wittgenstein, Austin and the "ordinary language" school, Sellars and Quine.

PHL 342: Epistemology

Credits 3
A survey of central debates in epistemology. Topics may include knowledge, rationality, skepticism, intellectual virtue, and related issues. The course will explore questions such as: What is knowledge and how can we attain it? Which beliefs are rational to hold and why? What are the intellectual virtues and how can we cultivate them?

PHL 343: Metaphysics

Credits 3
A survey of central debates in metaphysics. Topics may include free will and determinism; mind and personal identity; cause and effect; space and time; being and existence; possibility and necessity.

PHL 345: Contemporary Continental Philosophy

Credits 3
This course will examine the major developments in 20th Century Continental philosophy since the 1940s. After some summary attention to earlier phenomenology and existentialism, and to the central role of Martin Heidegger, we will consider later developments in phenomenology (especially Emmanuel Levinas). Then the focus will be on structuralism and post-structuralism (Saussure, Lacan, Foucault, Derrida, Deleuze), and the critical theory of Habermas. Other trends might receive attention, such as French feminism, or recent Continental philosophy of religion. The course will underscore the continuing importance of Marx, Nietzsche, and Freud for Continental philosophy. PHL 214 is recommended background, but is not required.

PHL 350: Philosophy of Law

Credits 3
An analysis of key issues in legal philosophy. Special emphasis is placed on such questions as the proper role and the justification of punishment, the relationship between law and morality, and the objectives and requirements of the rule of law.

PHL 360: Philosophy of Education

Credits 3
Through close study of writers such as Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Rousseau, Freud, Dewey, and C.S. Lewis, students learn to identify the conceptions of human nature and the good life that inform educational practice while examining the relationship between education and establishment of the just regime. During this investigation of the philosophical dimensions of educational theory and the educational dimensions of political theory, the course explores such vital questions as the nature of justification, the role of character education in addressing the problem of preservation, and the adequacy of a naturalistic conception of man and the universe.

PHL 370: Philosophy of Love, Sex & Marriage

Credits 3
This course will explore the philosophical, theological, and ethical nature of human love, sex, and marriage through a careful study of texts in philosophy, theology, literature, and the social sciences.

PHL 405: Philosophy of Language

Credits 3
An examination of the nature of language through the study of such topics as truth, reference, meaning, linguistic structure, how language differs from other symbol systems, relations between thought and language and language and the world, the use of language (e.g. in literature), and the relevance of these topics to selected philosophical issues. Special attention will be given to topics that (i) are most central to recent philosophical work on language and (ii) have far-reaching consequences beyond philosophy.

PHL 410: Philosophy of Mind

Credits 3
A study of contemporary issues in the philosophy of mind, including the concept of personhood, knowledge of other minds and the relation between mind and body.

PHL 420: Philosophy of Religion

Credits 3
A philosophical examination of the nature of religious belief, experience and activity. The course will also include an examination of such concepts as God, freedom and immortality.

PHL 451: Philosophy of Science

Credits 3
A survey of the major views on the nature and methods of science. Included will be a brief historical introduction to the philosophy of science in the 19th century, the development of logical positivism and recent criticisms of it, and proposed alternatives to the traditional view. The positions of Hempel, Carnap, Popper, Kuhn, Hanson, Toulmin, Hesse, Quine and Van Fraasen will be considered.

PHL 493: Seminar in Philosophy

Credits 3
A seminar for advanced students in philosophy. Topics may include the philosophy of a historical figure such as Plato, Aristotle, Kant or Wittgenstein, or the study of a major philosophical topic in epistemology, metaphysics or ethics. May be repeated for credit.

PHL 575: Philosophy Senior Thesis

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
Students wishing to graduate with honors in philosophy must write a substantial thesis under the direction of one of the members of the Department or another qualified faculty member. Upon completion, the student must defend the thesis before a committee of three faculty members.

PHL 597: Special Problems

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
Investigation of special philosophical problems, under direction. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.

REL 101: Introduction to World Religions

Credits 3
A survey of the major religious traditions of the world. Emphasis is placed upon the theologies, religious practices and ethical teachings of the faiths studied. The course will begin with an inquiry into the nature of religion and religious belief, and then survey ancient religions, primarily those of Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece. The course will then turn to the major Eastern (Hinduism, Buddhism, Shintoism, Taoism and Confucianism) and Western (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) religions. Some time will also be spent on Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Sikhism and African religions.

REL 105: The Western Theological Tradition

Credits 3
A survey of the history of Western theology, analyzing and exploring the teachings of the various theological traditions that have influenced Western Civilization. Given the dominant influence of Christianity on Western culture and society over the past 2000 years, the course makes clear the theological teachings of the major Christian traditions that have prospered and played a significant role in shaping Western societies. The connections between theology and notions of proper community and individual life, theology's influence on Western metaphysics and ethics, and the influence theology has had on the development of modern institutions and enterprises, such as modern science, are explored. In addition, the conceptual innovations about the nature of man and his abilities which theological disputes over the nature of God and Christ have provided are pointed out and discussed. Moreover, particular notions of the religious life and of the role of religion in life that have dominated Western thought on these matters are also explored. In short, students are instructed in the basic teachings of that faith that has dominated and, until recently, to a large extent directed the course of Western civilization in order to understand how religious belief informs self-understanding, provides a comprehensive view of reality, and, by instilling a vision of human life, its purpose and proper comportment, shapes the larger culture. Finally, the course also examines thinkers and movements opposed to religion, focusing on intellectual disputes pitting religious faith against nontheistic, secular understandings of reality and mankind's place therein.

REL 211: Old Testament History and Literature

Credits 3
A study of the history and theology of the Old Testament. The Mosaic Law, the prophetic tradition and the wisdom literature are studied in the context of the historical development of Israel from the Patriarchal to the Hellenistic era.

REL 212: New Testament History and Literature

Credits 3
A survey of the history and theology of the New Testament. A brief overview of the political, cultural and religious background of the New Testament is followed by a study of the life and teachings of Jesus as portrayed in the Gospels, the history of the early Apostolic Church, the life and thought of St. Paul and the theology of the General Epistles. Modern theories of New Testament composition and hermeneutical methods are also evaluated.

REL 213: History of Christian Thought I

Credits 3
The development of Christian philosophical and theological thought from the close of the New Testament to 1500 A.D. Special emphasis will be placed on the development of the ecumenical creeds, the philosophy and theology of Augustine, and medieval scholasticism. Fall, odd-numbered years.

REL 214: History of Christian Thought II

Credits 3
A study of Christian intellectual and doctrinal history from 1500 to the present. The Reformation, Counter Reformation, the Age of Orthodoxy, the rise of biblical criticism, 19th-century Liberal theology, 20th-century Neo-orthodoxy and existential theology, the Vatican Councils and important papal encyclicals and current trends of thought will be studied. Spring, even-numbered years.

REL 302: Patristic Theology

Credits 3
A study of the form and spirit of theology in the early Church fathers, from A.D. 100 to 600, emphasizing primary source texts in translation and focusing on the development of this theology through several early Christian controversies and theological loci, including: The relationship of the Old and New Testaments; the meaning of creation; the divinity and humanity of Christ; the theology of the Holy Spirit; the Cross; Christian worship; monasticism; and the life of grace.

REL 309: Medieval Theology

Credits 3
This course traces the development of Scholasticism as a distinct movement in theology in the medieval period. There will be a parallel focus on some distinctive Scholastic themes, but also on the diversity within that tradition.

REL 319: Eighteenth-Century Theology: Jonathan Edwards and American Puritanism

Credits 3
An examination of Puritan theology and polity in 18th-century America and their formative influence upon subsequent American life and thought. A leading representative among Colonial Puritans and, many argue, the greatest theologian America has yet produced, Jonathan Edwards furnishes the course with its primary case study and point of orientation. Study also encompasses Puritanism from the Mathers through the demise of New England Theology.

REL 320: Contemporary Religious Thought

Credits 3
A study of the major theological positions developed in the 20th century, including Modernism, Neoorthodoxy, Fundamentalism and Liberation Theology. Thinkers studied will include, among others, Karl Barth, Paul Tillich, Rudolf Bultmann and Wolfhart Pannenberg.

REL 333: Theology of the Trinity

Credits 3
This course will examine the tradition of Christian reflection on the triune God, arguably the foundational doctrine of Christianity. Using primary texts in translation, students will investigate the development of Trinitarian belief and thought from the first century to the twenty-first, with special attention to historical understandings of this doctrine's implications for Christian life.

REL 340: Studies in Biblical Interpretation

Credits 3
An in-depth, exegetical study of a particular case or problem in the interpretation of biblical texts. Topics, to vary from year to year, include Jesus and the Gospel Tradition, Luke and Other Ancient Historians, Paul and his Churches, Romans-History of Interpretation, and Literature of the Johannine Community. May be repeated for credit.

REL 341: Studies in Biblical Theology

Credits 3
A literary and historical study of a selected, classical focus of theological debate. Topics, to vary from year to year, include Gospel and Law, the Unity of the Bible, the Old Testament in the New Testament, Biblical Theologians Since 1850, and Lives of Jesus. May be repeated for credit.

REL 342: Studies in the World of Ancient Christianity

Credits 3
A close study of a particular social and textual slice of the first- and second-century Hellenistic world with which the early Church interacted. Topics, to vary from year to year, include Gnostics, Pagans and Heretics; Judaism in the Greco-Roman World; Ancient Mediterranean Mystery Religions; the Social Context of Early Christianity; and History of Ancient Christianity. May be repeated for credit.

REL 352: Roman Catholic Theology

Credits 3
A study of the major doctrines and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. The Councils, Creeds and Papal Decrees of the Church are studied in order to give students a general introduction to the theology governing the beliefs and practices of traditional and contemporary Roman Catholicism.

REL 355: Introduction to Islam

Credits 3
This course introduces the Muslim religion, its history, doctrine and practice, and sets it into its several contexts among other Western religions, among interpretive traditions of sacred literature, within varying national expressions, and, amid contemporary debates concerning its warrants for militarism, theocratic rule, or suppression of women, and its compatibility with democracy and other aspects of modern, Western culture.

REL 356: Introduction to Eastern Religion

Credits 3
An introduction to some of the major Chinese, Indian and Japanese religious traditions, including Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Taoism and Shintoism. The class will cover both the origins of these traditions and their development to the present and will include readings from the important primary texts.

REL 359: Christianity and Competing World Views

Credits 3
This course examines the incongruities and distinctions between the Christian faith and its contemporary rivals: Marxism, Atheism, Humanism and Post-Modernism. The aim is to develop students' abilities to engage in dialectic encounter with all worldviews which press modern humanity for consideration. Fall.

REL 373: Religion, Society and Culture

Credits 3
Readings in the study of religion from the perspectives of social theory and social science. Specific topics may vary. Possible foci: sociology of religion, anthropology of religion, religion in modern and postmodern thought, phenomenology of religious experience, or classical (19th and early 20th century) theories of religion.

REL 374: American Religious Landscape

Credits 3
A survey of patterns of religious thought, practice and social organization in the United States over the last few decades, as seen from a broadly sociological perspective. Attention to denominationalism and ecumenism, the interplay of liberalism, fundamentalism and evangelicalism; "new religious movements;" parachurch organizations and interest groups, contemporary forms of spirituality, church and state, religion in "the public square," etc. Students will be given opportunity to focus individually on particular issues or religious groups that are of interest.

REL 391: Introduction to Biblical Hebrew II

Credits 3
This course is the second part of a two-semester introduction to Biblical Hebrew. Both parts of this Biblical Hebrew language sequence are designed to provide a thorough introduction to Biblical Hebrew grammar, syntax, vocabulary, and prose/poetic style, with the ultimate goal of giving students the knowledge and tools they need to read the Hebrew scriptures independently. This course will move at a strident pace and the material is cumulative, so it is imperative that you keep up with class assignments and attendance. The second semester will cover the imperfect tense, imperative, and infinitive, several verbal conjugations and provide a measure of reading practice by reading the book of Jonah in full after we complete the textbook.

REL 392: Readings in Hebrew Literature

Credits 3
Develops student abilities in Hebrew through reading Biblical Hebrew texts. The course alternates between reading prose and poetic texts and may be repeated for credit if the reading is different.

REL 393: Readings in the Septuagint

Credits 3

An introduction to the special grammar and vocabulary of the Jewish Bible (Old Testament) in Greek, with an emphasis upon acquiring proficiency in reading selected texts. Prerequisites: CLS 103, 104

REL 394: Readings in New Testament Greek

Credits 3

An introduction to the grammar and vocabulary of Koine Greek with emphasis upon building proficiency in reading the Greek New Testament. Prerequisites: CLS 103, 104.

REL 493: Seminar in Religion

Credits 3
A seminar on special topics or problems in the study of religion, biblical studies and Christian studies. The seminar may cover such topics as Christian ethics, individual biblical books or authors, prominent thinkers in the Judeo-Christian tradition and specific non-Christian religions or religious thinkers. May be repeated for credit.

REL 575: Senior Thesis

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
Students wishing to graduate with honors in religion must write a substantial thesis under the direction of one of the members of the Department or another qualified faculty member. Upon completion, the student must defend the thesis before a committee of three faculty members.

REL 597: Special Problems

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
Investigation of special problems, under direction. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor. Offered on demand.

RHM 201: Public Speaking

Credits 3
The theory and process of shaping ideas into an effective oral presentation. Particular attention is paid to selecting supporting materials, arranging ideas in a logical manner, and delivering the speech effectively. Emphasis is placed on an extemporaneous style of presenting informative and persuasive speeches, with opportunities provided for impromptu speaking experiences.

RHM 210: Media & Culture

Credits 3
This is a survey course investigating the various electronic communication media, as well as the print media, from historical, economic, and social viewpoints. There is a special attention to media literacy in the study of the various components of mass communications.

RHM 240: History of U.S. Broadcasting

Credits 3
Includes discussion of the development of the broadcast media in the U.S. and elsewhere, the regulatory function of the Federal Communications Commission, and the organization of the media, both at network and local levels. It provides some practical experience with writing and performing basic types of programming that are to be found on radio and television today.

RHM 241: Mock Trial

Credits 1
Open to all students interested in learning or polishing skills in communication and advocacy. Mock Trial, as sanctioned by the American Mock Trial Association, is a co-curricular activity intended to foster the development of undergraduate students in the areas of leadership, public speaking, rhetoric, and persuasion through a legal forum. Currently, approximately 600 teams from over 350 universities and colleges compete in AMTA sponsored tournaments. Students may repeat the course for credit each semester during their four-year course of study. Students must be active members of the competitive team or have the permission of the instructor and department chairman.

RHM 251: Debate

Credits 1
Open to all students interested in learning or in polishing and employing existing skills in the fundamentals of debate. The Hillsdale College Debate Team is nationally recognized as one of the finest in the country. The course includes instruction in debate technique and style, and participation in both on- and off-campus tournaments. Students may repeat the course for credit each semester during their four-year course of study. Students must be active members of the competitive team or have the permission of the instructor and department chairman.

RHM 261: Forensics

Credits 1

Open to all students interested in learning the fundamentals of competitive public speaking, or in polishing and employing existing skills. The Hillsdale College Individual Events Team actively and aggressively pursues regional excellence. The course includes instruction in Individual Events techniques in the areas of informative, persuasive, extemporaneous, and impromptu speaking, as well as in the oral interpretation of prose, poetry and drama. Students participate in an active season of on- and off-campus tournaments. Students may repeat the course for credit each semester during their four-year course of study. Students must be active members of the competitive team or have the permission of the instructor and department chairman.

RHM 275: The Performing Voice

Credits 3
Oral interpretation teaches the art of communicating to an audience a work of literary art in its intellectual, emotional and aesthetic entirety. The course will be tailored both to the student of acting and to the student of platform (or microphone) oratory. Students will be coached in performing selections from all genres of literature, but special emphasis will be given to storytelling and to dramatic verse.

RHM 285: Interpersonal Communication

Credits 3
Provides an arena to examine the necessity of specific communicative processes and understandings particular to interpersonal interaction. Students will examine the processes of interpersonal communication at the levels of theory, analysis and performance. Course objectives include process understanding, awareness of nonverbal patterning, improved listening (data, critical, empathetic), understanding of speech and self disclosure issues, and the recognition and analysis of ethical dilemmas.

RHM 290: Western Tradition of Rhetoric I

Credits 3
A survey of the major developments in the theory and practice of rhetoric in Western Civilization, beginning with the ancient Greek and Roman traditions. The course explores the historical relationship between rhetoric and truth, knowledge, and the political order. Readings and lectures are designed to encourage students to engage such enduring issues as the ethical responsibilities of the public persuader and the exercise of the rights and responsibilities of free speech in a democratic society. Students will examine the works of figures such as Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Quintillian, and St. Augustine.

RHM 291: Western Tradition of Rhetoric II

Credits 3

A survey of the major developments in the theory and practice of rhetoric in Western Civilization, beginning with the Renaissance. The Belles Lettres, Enlightenment and Modern Periods in the Western Tradition are explored. This course continues to explore the relationship between rhetoric and truth, knowledge and the political order that began with the Greek and Roman traditions of public persuasion. Readings and lectures are designed to encourage students to engage rhetorical theory at the levels of theory building, philosophy, application and analysis. Students will examine the works of such figures as Erasmus, Ramus, Campbell, Whately, Blair, Burke, Vico and Richards. *Note: Students who enroll in this course without taking either CLS 311 or RHM 290 must have the permission of the instructor.

RHM 301: Film History and Form

Credits 3
A historical and critical survey of the film as art in the 20th century. The course includes opportunities for analysis of dozens of important films from historical, artistic, technological, formal and musical perspectives. Students in this course will work in teams to create a short film.

RHM 303: Business Communication

Credits 3
This course allows students to examine not only the theories, but also the practical applications of those theories to communication in the business environment. Students in this course will examine the communication constraints imposed at the functional levels of group and interpersonal management in organizations. Students will engage in qualitative problem solving, address issues of written and oral communication, and prepare analytical cases as a means of application.

RHM 306: Documentary and Non-Fiction Film and Media

Credits 3
This course is an introduction to documentary and non-fiction media as part of the larger fields of film, cultural, and broadcast studies. The course examines the history, form, and content of documentary and non-fiction film and video. Different critical methods will be used in interpreting and evaluating documentary and non-fiction film and video.

RHM 310: Argumentation: Theory and Practice

Credits 3
Analysis of the types of reasoning commonly employed in argumentative discourse. Students learn to apply standard argumentation issues to central propositions of fact, value and policy; to employ them in argument; and to recognize the refutations to which they are susceptible.

RHM 315: Television Criticism

Credits 3
The goal of this class is for students to begin to think of television as a site culture is created and disseminated. Television will be analyzed and studied by utilizing foundational television and media theory and practices along with studying the genre conventions and production practices found within the medium. This class will incorporate how television has moved beyond what is found on broadcast and cable networks through the analysis of television on the Internet, mobile devices, and other related video and media.

RHM 319: Public Advocacy

Credits 3
Advocacy is the art of calling a public to a shared demand. Advocates should speak for causes and broaden the scope of public argumentation and participation. The class will address several social movement theories to assess how advocacy works, while promulgating student causes throughout the semester. The course should empower the student's voice through multiple media, help the student envision leading an issue or grassroots campaign, develop key concepts of agitation (and control), and judge whether advocating is ethical and sustainable.

RHM 320: Advanced Public Speaking

Credits 3

The theory and process of preparing and delivering specialized forms of public speeches. Emphasis is placed on a variety of types of persuasive and ceremonial speeches. Students are provided the opportunity to develop a personal rhetorical style appropriate for impromptu, extemporaneous and manuscript speaking. Prerequisite: RHM 201 or permission of the instructor.

RHM 325: Speech Composition and Consultancy

Credits 3

A consideration of the elements necessary to effective speech writing. Through the study of rhetorical masterpieces, students learn elements of style and arrangement especially suitable for discourse written for oral communication. Emphasis is on student production of original speech manuscripts. Prerequisite: RHM 201 or permission of instructor. RHM 320 preferred.

RHM 330: Propaganda and Social Control

Credits 3
This course explores the various and often subtle ways that propaganda functions in our society today. Focusing on propaganda in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, this course compares American propaganda with that carried out in more authoritarian societies. At the same time, it considers the historical development of principles and techniques of mass persuasion and their transformation, in the age of electronic globalization, into modern forms of propaganda.

RHM 356: Organizational Communication

Credits 3
The theory and processes of communication in organizations. Through such techniques as role-playing, problem-solving and presentations, emphasis is placed on the communicative processes and functions of individuals in groups. Leadership, image building and the use of influence will be topics. Inventories based on business norms, as well as videotaping, will be part of the learning experience.

RHM 360: Media Ecology

Credits 3

Media ecology is the study of media environments, of how technology and techniques, modes of information and codes of communication affect human perception, understanding, feeling, and value. It is a deeply historical, meta-disciplinary, and robust qualitative approach to understanding both communication and the human condition. Some core ideas within media ecology are wrapped up in aphoristic statements such as "The medium is the message" and "Media are environments, and environments are media," and "the user is the content of any medium." This course looks closely at canonical figures within the tradition—Marshall McLuhan, Walter Ong, and Jacques Ellul—as well as its major analytic-theoretical tributaries—orality literacy studies, technology studies, and bias studies. Specific recent figures will vary.

RHM 365: History of Mass Communication Theory

Credits 3
This course examines the intellectual contexts and consequences of the twentieth- century development of "mass communication" as a concept. Its main aim is to give students broad reading knowledge in social theories of mass communication from their prehistory in the nineteenth century to some of their varieties today.

RHM 370: Leadership in Group Dynamics

Credits 3
Examines the role of communication in the productivity of task-oriented groups. Special attention is paid to the function of communication in group development, leadership emergence, conflict and cohesion.

RHM 385: Rhetorical Archeology

Credits 3
This course continues the central investigation of rhetorical discourses and the material systems in which they are embedded through an archeological lens, examining the meaning and valuation of them as they are created, presented and represented, maintained, and, potentially, declined. Its focus is the development and practice of rhetorical, and more widely, communication genres functioning relationally with knowledge. The archaeological term "in situ" denotes an artifact found in its original resting place; such an artifact presents a richness of theoretical, practical, and critical material for discovery and analysis. Students will be engaged in deep examination of the rhetorical activity of a particular historical period or that of a particular discipline, science, or art. They will encounter traditional and non-traditional texts embedded within their historic and cultural contexts.

RHM 393: Topics in Rhetoric and Media

Credits 1 Max Credits 3

A seminar concerned with the interrelation of rhetorical theory and practice: questions of theory, politics, philosophy and cultural history. Offered as needed, specific topics vary, and the course may be taken for credit more than once.

RHM 401: Theories of Persuasion

Credits 3
An investigation into the theoretical bases for understanding the dynamics of persuasive communication from the interpersonal to the social level. The main focus is on major social scientific models that seek to explain the relationship between persuasive messages and attitude change. Students will study the process of persuasion in various contexts, including advertising, interpersonal communication, political communication and mass media.

RHM 410: Philosophy of Technology

Credits 3
Addressing the technological opportunities and challenges of the twenty-first century, this course offers an overview of philosophy of technology. It covers several of the classic theories and approaches, but also moves beyond them to explore a broader range of theories and a number of new dynamics in the field.

RHM 415: Conservative Critics of Technology

Credits 3
This course explores a range of humanistic critics of technology whose views could be broadly construed as conservative. Readings will encompass a broad spectrum of sociopolitical movements and academic disciplines, from Luddism, Romanticism, and vitalism to early twentieth-century sociology, agrarianism, philosophy, non-Marxist critical theory, right-wing avant-gardism, political economy, and revolutionary conservatism.

RHM 435: Seminar in Political Rhetoric

Credits 3
This course is designed for upper-level students to examine rhetoric in the contemporary political setting, and to explore a range of theoretical and practical issues including campaign strategies, ethics, and the impact of campaigns on the policymaking process. While the focus will shift according to professor, the course will pay special attention to prudence or a politician's ability to apply right reasoning to action. Scholars discussing prudence, particularly Aristotle and Machiavelli, will be addressed. The central aim will be to understand prudence's theoretical and practical possibilities in contemporary American politics.

RHM 440: Internship in Broadcasting

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
Involves on-the-job experience at a commercial radio station and includes supervision by the station's personnel. The student will be exposed to the numerous support functions that make radio broadcasting possible. Prerequisite: permission of the program director.

RHM 445: Media Theory and Criticism

Credits 3
This course offers an in-depth examination of media theory and criticism, exploring both foundational and contemporary media theories and applying these theories to contemporary media texts. In general, it samples a variety of theories and theoretical perspectives, explores several different methods of media study, and examines a variety of media. Special attention will be given to the overlapping and competing paradigms of political economic studies stressing the industrial forces structuring the media and popular culture perspectives emphasizing the power of texts and audiences.

RHM 450: Political Rhetoric and the Electronic Media

Credits 3
Examines the impact of the mass media on American democratic political culture. Explores the influence of television on the rise of image and style over substance and rationality in political rhetoric. Addresses changes in political communication brought about by public opinion polling, political advertising, television news reporting, and computer technology.

RHM 453: Theories of Rhetoric

Credits 3

An extensive examination of contemporary ideas about the nature and function of rhetoric. Students will conduct in-depth readings into the works of such major figures as I.A. Richards, Jean-FranÁois Lyotard, Richard Weaver, Kenneth Burke, Jurgen Habermas, Stephen Toulmin, and Michel Foucault. Emphasis will be placed on the implications of rhetorical theory for notions of truth, ethics, knowledge, rationality, and the political order. Prerequisite: RHM 290 or permission of the instructor.

RHM 455: History of American Public Address

Credits 3

The study of speeches influential in shaping public life in America, especially within the political sphere. Primary emphasis is placed upon the textual analysis of selected speeches for the purpose of discovering the rhetorical dynamics, as well as linking each speech to its historical context. Special attention is paid to the changing nature and function of oratorical culture throughout American history.

RHM 463: Rhetorical Criticism

Credits 3

An exploration of the major methodological approaches to the explanation of the persuasive dynamics of rhetoric. Students will learn to write analyses of specific instances of rhetoric from various theoretical bases, including neo-Aristotelian, ethical, dramatistic, ideological, and postmodern perspectives. Prerequisite: RHM 290 or permission of the instructor.

RHM 597: Special Problems and Research

Credits 1 Max Credits 3

Individual work on a topic or problem selected and supervised by the Rhetoric and Media staff. Prerequisites: second-semester junior standing and permission of the staff member selected to be in charge of the student's work. Enrollment in this course is limited to those who have chosen rhetoric as their field of concentration. Offered on demand.

SPN 102: Beginning Spanish II

Credits 4
Elementary Spanish course with emphasis on narration and description in the past tenses and an introduction to the subjunctive mood.

SPN 201: Intermediate Spanish I

Credits 4
Intermediate Spanish course with specific focus on a more in-depth review of grammar as well as more intensive writing and reading. Part I.

SPN 202: Intermediate Spanish II

Credits 3
Intermediate Spanish course with specific focus on a more in-depth review of grammar as well as more intensive writing and reading. Part II.

SPN 350: Travel Study in Spanish Speaking Country

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
Travel during summer, spring break or winter interterm in a Spanish-speaking country. Accompanied and evaluated by a member of the Hillsdale College Spanish faculty. This course is not part of the Spanish Studies Abroad program.

SPN 465: Teaching Modern Languages

Credits 1
A methods and materials course for the teaching of French, German and Spanish at the elementary and secondary levels. Taught in English. ..................Spring, even-numbered years.

THE 200: Understanding Theatre

Credits 3
Readings, lectures, discussion, live performances, video presentations and creative projects provide the student with the basic concepts and terms necessary to appreciate the theatre as an art, and its development as an expression of Western culture. Dramatic structure, style, purpose and effect are the keys to understanding the forms of communication among author, performer and audience. Special attention is paid to the interlocking functions of all the artists of the theatre: not only playwright and actor, but also director, designer, critic and architect.

THE 205: Theatre Production

Credits 1
Open to all Hillsdale College students (including freshmen) interested in working on Hillsdale College theatre productions either as actors; as members of technical crews in set construction and painting, lighting, properties, costumes or makeup; or in promotion, ticket sales and house management. Students can earn one credit each semester that they are enrolled during the four-year course of study.

THE 210: The Theatre in History I: Dramatic Literature, History, Theory and Criticism of the Ancient World

Credits 3
The history of theatre as an art, as a medium of cultural expression and communication, and as a social institution. The theatre of the past is examined both for its own artistic techniques and for the light that it may shed on the cultural patterns and values of the societies in which it has served as a forum of the public imagination. THE 210 investigates the drama and theatre of preliterary cultures, ancient Greece and Rome, medieval Europe and the traditional civilizations of the Orient.

THE 215: The Theatre in History II: Dramatic Literature, History, Theory and Criticism; Renaissance to Revolution (1500-1800)

Credits 3

The history of drama and theatre in Europe from approximately 1500 to approximately 1800. Renaissance, Neoclassical, Elizabethan, Spanish Golden Age, English Restoration, and early German Romantic periods are considered with particular emphasis on the relationship between dramatic literature and the social, political, religious, and theoretical thinking that is reflected in the plays. This course satisfies the general college core requirement for a second-tier literature course.

THE 225: Basic Theatre Technology

Credits 3
The theatre craftsman as technician and problem solver. Students are engaged in both practical and theoretical exercises in stage carpentry, scene painting, scenery rigging, lighting, drafting, acoustics, electronically amplified sound, scenic projection, stage properties, costume construction and the offstage handling of a whole production.

THE 235: Acting I: Basic Performance Techniques

Credits 3
Fundamental processes, structures and forms of theatrical performance are investigated experientially through theatre-games, improvisation and rehearsed events, as well as conceptually through assigned readings and discussion. The course serves as a unifying introduction to acting and direction, with emphasis on dramatic spontaneity and on the visual and kinetic dimensions of the art.

THE 236: Design for the Theatre I

Credits 3
An introduction to the various ideas and techniques of designing in the theatre. This team-taught course will explore the fundamentals of the design process in set, lighting and costume design disciplines. Stress is placed on script analysis, design research and the shared aspects of drawing for the theatre; as well as the creative handling of the elements of design and composition as they relate to all areas of theatrical design. This course is the prerequisite for THE 336, Design for the Theatre II.

THE 310: Playwriting: Sources and Methods

Credits 3
Intensive exercises in creating short scenes and one-act plays, with the goal, first, of learning a variety of dramatic forms and structures by "hands-on" application, and second, of increasing the student's appreciation of drama as a flexible mode of artistic expression and communication.

THE 335: Acting II: Characterization for the Stage

Credits 3
Practical works, readings, rehearsed scenes and discussion supply the basics of creating a character. Students learn techniques of character analysis and the interaction of roles in scenes. Attention is given to rehearsal techniques and to considering the choices made by the actor, emphasizing the techniques of psychological realism. Prerequisite: THE 235.

THE 336: Design for the Theatre II

Credits 3
The creative design process as it relates to a specific area of theatrical design, chosen from among the following types: scenic, lighting or costume. Students will build on the material from Design for the Theatre I to focus their learning in one of the three areas listed. Both artistic and practical drawings will be emphasized. Opportunities for realized designs or assisting faculty designers will be provided when possible. May be repeated for credit in each of the three design areas. Prerequisite: THE 236.

THE 339: Makeup Design

Credits 3
Intended for the serious performer, this class will prepare students to proceed from character analysis to finished performance makeup. Topics include understanding, emphasizing and changing basic facial structure; application of wigs and hairpieces; special-effects makeup; prosthetics and plastics; aging; and historical period effects. Prerequisite: THE 225.

THE 340: Basic Directing for the Theatre

Credits 3
Provides an introduction to the techniques of directing for the theatre. Students will study the history of directing and the performance theories of several important directors. The course will provide discussion and practical experience in script analysis, conceptualization, use of the stage, derivation of ground plan, choosing and working with actors, and the development of a set design for a production. Prerequisite: THE 235.

THE 350: Voice for the Stage

Credits 3
Training in the physical and emotional techniques used in producing strong vocal characterizations for the stage. This course is equally important for students of speech.

THE 355: Acting for the Camera

Credits 3
Working in front of the camera every week with a professional film and television actor, students are trained in the specialized forms, processes, and vocabulary of this important aspect of performance.

THE 393: Topics in Theatre

Credits 1 Max Credits 3
A seminar concerned with the interrelation of dramatic theory and literature with theatrical practice: questions of style, genre, period, aesthetics, politics, philosophy and cultural history. Specific topics vary each year, and the course may be taken for credit more than once.

THE 404: Musical Theatre

Credits 3
The study of the musical as a distinct form in style and content. The class will trace the development of and trends in this particular theatrical form from the mid-19th century to the present. Selected musicals, as well as composers, lyricists and librettists, will be studied in depth.

THE 408: History of American Theatre

Credits 3
American plays from the colonial period to the present will be examined in relation to changing political, social and cultural issues in the United States and to the search for-and development of-a distinctly "American" theatrical identity.

THE 410: Dramaturgy

Credits 3

This course will directly involve students in the research, conceptualization, and production of a main-stage play. Students will embark on a rigorous study of the author, the author's other works, the theatre history and the cultural history of the time period of the play. Students will be expected to incorporate their research into all aspects of the production and produce a substantial essay on some aspect of the play. This essay will be included in a dramaturgical pamphlet presented to each audience member. Prerequisites: THE 210 and 215.

THE 435: Acting III: Period Stiyles for the Stage

Credits 3
This course explores period styles of acting from ancient Greece, the Elizabethan/Jacobean era, the Restoration, and Neoclassical Europe. Students will engage in intensive verse work, period movement and manners, and character research methods. Prerequisite: THE 335 or permission of the instructor.

THE 436: Professional Preparation for Stage

Credits 1
Designed for students needing to prepare for professional or summer work, or prepare for graduate school admission, this course will help students ready themselves for the demands of auditioning, interviewing and portfolio presentation. Acting students will develop audition pieces and get working headshot/resumes. Design students will work on portfolio development and on the presentation of design projects for the American College Theatre Festival regional design competition. Theatre history students will work on the development and presentation of substantial writing projects and prepare for the GRE examinations. Open to juniors and seniors only, this course should be part of every student's training package. Requires permission of the instructor.

THE 440: Projects in Directing

Credits 3
Under faculty guidance, each student will choose, research, plan, cast and rehearse a sizable one-act play for public audiences. Throughout the projects, emphasis will be placed on the challenges of style: by period, genre or clearly projected experiment. Prerequisites: THE 340 and permission of the instructor.

THE 493: Contemporary Theatre and Film

Credits 3
This course explores contemporary theatre and film from a cultural perspective, examining a body of film work and plays, to better understand the historical and social contexts for the themes explored in contemporary performance. Only plays and films from the past 20 years will be chosen, and the course usually centers on a particular region. Past courses have explored the plays and films of Western Europe and the plays and films of Russia.

THE 575: Senior Projects in Theatre

Credits 1
In the senior year, or, at the earliest, the second semester of the junior year, a comprehensive capstone project is required for all theatre majors. This project will be chosen in consultation with the department chair and overseen by a faculty member within the Department. The project will combine research, analysis, writing, and practical theatre skills. The senior project may be undertaken in any area taught by the Department. This project will be done in conjunction with two of the classes listed in the major under the sections "The Developing Artist" and "The Maturing Artist."